Stalking Horse, n.
1. a screen traditionally made in the shape of a horse behind which a hunter can stay concealed when stalking prey.
2. a false pretext concealing someone’s real intentions.
3. a political candidate who runs only in order to provoke the election and thus allow a stronger candidate to come forward.
Origin:
Early 16
th Century: A stalking-horse was literally a horse trained to allow a hunter to conceal himself behind it to get within range of the game; figurative sense of "person who participates in a proceeding to disguise its real purpose."
Oxford English Dictionary:
Religion: "Abusing the pretence of the Gospell as a stalking horse to levell at others by..." (1579)
Politics: There are leaders who "serve themselves of that idolatrous Romish religion, as of a Maske and stalking horse, therewith to cover the unsatiable ambition...of usurping the kingdoms of other Princes" (1594)
Literature: "He uses his folly like a stalking-horse" (Shakespeare,
As You Like It, 1600)
Personal: "You...were made his engine, and his stauking horse, to undo my sister" (1612)